Ishushu iSolwe, iQingqele iQingqwejiweyo

Ukuqengqeleka okushushu

Ukuqengqeleka okushushu kuhambelana nokuqengqeleka okubandayo, okuqengqeleka ngaphantsi kweqondo lobushushu bokuhlaziya kwakhona, ngelixa ukuqengqeleka okushushu kuqengqeleka ngaphezulu kobushushu bokuhlaziya.

Izinto eziluncedo:

Iyakwazi ukutshabalalisa ukuchithwa kwee-ingots zetsimbi, ukulungiswa kweenkozo zentsimbi, kunye nokuphelisa iziphene ze-microstructural, ukwenzela ukuba umbutho wentsimbi uxinene, iipropati zomatshini ziphuculwe.Olu phuculo luphambili lubhekiselele kwi-rolling, ukwenzela ukuba insimbi ayisekho isotropic kwinqanaba elithile;amaqamza, iintanda kunye nokukhululeka okwenziwa ngexesha lokusalwa nako kunokudityaniswa kunye phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo.

Izinto ezingeloncedo:

1. Emva kokutshisa okutshisayo, i-non-metallic inclusions ngaphakathi kwentsimbi (ikakhulukazi i-sulphides kunye ne-oxides, kunye ne-silicates) icinezelwe kumaphepha amancinci kunye ne-delamination (lamination) eyenzekayo.I-Delamination yonakalisa kakhulu iipropathi zentsimbi ekuxininiseni ecaleni kwendlela yokuqina, kwaye kukho umngcipheko wokukrazula kwe-interlaminar ngexesha le-weld shrinkage.Iintlobo zengingqi ezibangelwa kukuncipha kwe-weld zihlala zifikelela kumaxesha amaninzi isivuno samanqaku kwaye zikhulu kakhulu kunezo zinyanzeliswa kukulayisha.

2. Uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo olubangelwa kukupholisa okungalinganiyo.Uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo luxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lokuzilinganisa ngokungabikho kwamandla angaphandle, amacandelo ahlukeneyo ensimbi eshushu egobileyo anoxinzelelo olunjalo olushiyekileyo, ngokubanzi ubukhulu becandelo lentsimbi, ubukhulu bexinzelelo olushiyekileyo.Nangona iingcinezelo eziseleyo zizilinganisela, zisenempembelelo ekusebenzeni ilungu lentsimbi phantsi kwamandla angaphandle.Njengokuguqulwa, ukuzinza, ukuxhathisa ukukhathala kunye neminye imiba ingaba nefuthe elibi.

3. Iimveliso zetsimbi ezishushu ezishushu azilula ukulawula ngokubhekiselele kubukhulu kunye nobubanzi bomphetho.Siqhelene nokwandiswa kwe-thermal kunye nokucutha, njengoko isiqalo esishushu siqengqeleke nokuba ubude kunye nobungqingqwa bukumgangatho osezantsi, ukupholisa kokugqibela kusaza kuvela umahluko othile ongalunganga, okukhona ububanzi becala elibi, ukutyeba kwentsebenzo. kokucacileyo ngakumbi.Yingakho kungenakwenzeka ukuba kuchaneke kakhulu malunga nobubanzi, ubukhulu, ubude, i-angle kunye nomgca wecala lensimbi enkulu.

 

Ukuqengqeleka okubandayo

Ukuqengqeleka ngaphantsi kweqondo lobushushu bokuhlaziya kubizwa ngokuba kukuqengqeleka okubandayo, ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa iikhoyili zentsimbi ezishushu ezigoqiweyo njengezinto ezikrwada, emva kokucolwa ukususa ulusu lwe-oxidation ukwenzela ukubanda okuqengqelekayo okuqengqelekayo, imveliso egqityiweyo iqengqeleka icoil eqinile, ngenxa yoguquko olubandayo olubangelwa kukuqina komsebenzi obandayo. Amandla ekhoyili enzima, ukuqina, ukuqina kunye neempawu zeplastiki ziyancipha, ngoko ukusebenza kwesitampu kuya kuhla, kunokusetyenziselwa ukuguqulwa okulula kwamalungu.Ingqele eqengqelekayo ivamise ukuvalelwa.

Iikhoyili ezigoqiweyo zinokusetyenziswa njengemathiriyeli ekrwada kwizityalo zokugalela idiphu eshushu, njengoko iiyunithi zokugalela idiphu eshushu zixhotyiswe ngemigca yokuqhobosha.

Iikhoyili ezigoqiweyo zinobunzima obuziitoni ezingama-20 ukuya kwezingama-40 kwaye iikhoyili zisoloko ziqengqeleka kubushushu begumbi ngokuchasene neekhoyili ezipikiweyo ezigotyiweyo.

Iimpawu zeMveliso: Ngenxa yokuba i-annealed, ukuqina kwayo kuphezulu kakhulu kwaye ukucwangciswa kwayo kubi kakhulu, ngoko inokugoba kuphela kwindlela elula engaphantsi kwama-90 degrees (perpendicular to orientation roll).Ngamagama alula, i-cold rolling yinkqubo yokuguqa ngesiseko se-coil-rolled-rolled coil, ngokuqhelekileyo yinkqubo yokutshisa okutshisayo - i-pickling - i-phosphating - i-saponification - i-cold rolling.

I-cold-rolled icutshungulwa ukusuka kwiphepha elitshisayo kwiqondo lokushisa, nangona kwinkqubo ngenxa yokuguqa kuya kwenza ukuba i-steel plate ifudumale, kodwa nangona kunjalo ibizwa ngokuba yi-cold-rolled.Njengoko ishushu yaqengqeleka emva deformation ebandayo eqhubekayo kunye nengqele eqengqelekayo kwiipropati mechanical ombi, nzima kakhulu, ngoko kufuneka annealed ukubuyisela iimpawu zayo mechanical, akukho annealing ebizwa rolling hard volume.Imiqulu eqinileyo eqengqelekayo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukwenza ngaphandle kokugoba, iimveliso zokolula, 1.0 ngaphantsi kobunzima bokugoba okuqinileyo kwethamsanqa kumacala omabini okanye kumacala amane.

Kwinkqubo ebandayo yokuqengqeleka kufuneka usebenzise ioyile eqengqelekayo ebandayo, izibonelelo zokusebenzisa ioyile eqengqelekayo ezibandayo zezi:

I-1.Ukunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo i-coefficient of friction, ukubonelela nge-rolling force ehambelanayo, ukugqithisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, ukufumana i-parameters eyonelisayo yokuqengqeleka;

2. Nika ukukhanya okuphezulu komphezulu, ukulibaziseka okuqengqelekayo okufanayo;

I-3.Isiphumo esihle sokupholisa, sinokususa ngokukhawuleza ukushisa okujikelezayo, ukukhusela ii-rolls kunye neengxenye eziqengqelekayo.Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-annealing, akuyi kuvelisa i-oil burning phenomenon;

I-4.Inomsebenzi wexesha elifutshane lokuchasana ne-rust, inokubonelela ngokhuseleko lwexeshana lokulwa nomhlwa kwiindawo eziqengqelekayo.

Umahluko phakathi kwe-cold-rolled kunye ne-hot-rolled:

1.Cintsimbi endala ephothiweyo ivumela i-buckling yendawo ye-cross-section ukwenzela ukuba umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo we-bar emva kwe-buckling ingasetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo;ngelixa amacandelo ashushu aqengqelekayo awakuvumeli ukubambana kwengingqi yecandelo elinqamlezileyo ukuba kwenzeke.

2. Hamacandelo e-ot-rolled and cold-rolled-rolled stress residual stress eveliswa zizizathu ezahlukeneyo, ngoko ke ukusabalalisa kwi-cross-section kukwahluke kakhulu.Ukusasazwa koxinzelelo olushiyekileyo kwi-cross-section of thin-formed thin-walled sections luhlobo lokugoba, ngelixa ukuhanjiswa kwengcinezelo eseleyo kwi-cross-section yamacandelo ashushu ashushu okanye amacandelo adibeneyo luhlobo lwefilimu.

3.Tukhululekile ukuqina kwe-torsional yamacandelo ashushu ashushu aphezulu kunamacandelo abandayo, ngoko ke ukuxhathisa kwe-torsional yamacandelo ashushu ashushu kubhetele kunokuba amacandelo abandayo.