Ukulawulwa kwetanki yokuhlamba i-hydrochloric acid, into ebaluleke kakhulu kukulawula ixesha lokukhetha kunye nobomi betanki yokukhetha, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ubuninzi bemveliso kunye nobomi benkonzo yetanki yokukhetha.
Ukufumana umphumo ongcono wokukhetha, ukuxinwa kwe-hydrochloric acid kufuneka kulawulwe kuqala, kwaye emva koko umxholo we-iron ion (i-iron salts) kwisisombululo sokukhetha kufuneka ulawulwe.Ngenxa yokuba ukugxininiswa kwe-asidi kuphela kuya kuchaphazela umphumo we-pickling ye-workpiece, kodwa kunye nomxholo we-iron ions uya kunciphisa iqhekeza lesisombululo se-pickling, esiya kuchaphazela umphumo wokukha kunye nesantya se-workpiece.Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukuze kufumaneke ukugqwesa okulungileyo, isisombululo se-pickling kufuneka sibe nenani elithile le-iron ion.
(1)Ixesha lokukhetha
Enyanisweni, ixesha lokukhetha ngokusisiseko lixhomekeke ekugxininiseni i-hydrochloric acid / i-ion ye-iron (i-iron salts) kunye nobushushu besisombululo se-pickling.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwexesha lokukhetha kunye nomxholo we-zinc:
Yinyaniso eyaziwayo kwimisebenzi yediphu eshushu yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-protection overpickling ye-galvanized workpieces kubangela ukulayisha ngaphezulu kwe-zinc, okt "i-overpickling" yonyusa ukusetyenziswa kwe-zinc.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukucwiliswa kwi-pickling tank ngeyure eli-1 kwanele ukususa ngokupheleleyo i-rust.Ngamanye amaxesha, phantsi kweemeko zokusebenza zefektri, i-workpiece edibeneyo ingafakwa kwi-pickling tank ubusuku bonke, oko kukuthi, ukucwiliswa kweeyure eziyi-10-15.Izixhobo zokusebenza ezinje ngegalvanized zifakwe zinc ngaphezulu kunexesha eliqhelekileyo lokuchola.
(2)Ukukhetha okugqwesileyo
Eyona mpembelelo ilungileyo yokukhetha i-workpiece kufuneka ibe xa i-concentration ye-hydrochloric acid kunye ne-concentration ye-ion yentsimbi (i-iron salts) ifikelela kwi-balance balance.
(3)Indlela yokulungisa ukuhla kwesiphumo se-asidi
Xa isisombululo se-pickling sinciphisa okanye silahlekelwa yimpembelelo ye-pickling ngenxa ye-saturation ye-iron ion (i-iron salts), inokuhlanjululwa ngamanzi ukubuyisela umsebenzi wokukha.Nangona i-concentration ye-hydrochloric acid iyancipha, umsebenzi we-pickling usenokwenziwa, kodwa izinga lihamba kancinci.Ukuba i-asidi entsha yongezwa kwisisombululo se-pickling kunye nomxholo wentsimbi egcweleyo, ukuxinwa kwesisombululo esitsha sokuhlamba i-hydrochloric acid siya kuwela ngaphezu kwendawo yokuhlutha, kwaye ukucholwa kwe-workpiece akusayi kwenzeka.
(4)Amanyathelo onyango emva kokuba ukunyibilika kwe-asidi kuyancipha
Xa isisombululo se-pickling sisetyenziselwa ixesha elithile, ukugxininiswa kwayo kuncipha kwaye ibe yinkunkuma ye-asidi.Nangona kunjalo, i-asidi ngeli xesha ayikwazi ukufunyanwa ngumenzi, kwaye igcina ixabiso elithile lokusetyenziswa.Ukuze kusetyenziswe iasidi ephantsi ngoxinaniso oluncitshisiweyo, ngeli xesha, izixhobo zokusebenza ezinendawo evuzayo yasekhaya kwigalvanizing eshushu-dip kwaye kufuneka iphinde ifakwe phakathi kwazo, ukuchola kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona inkunkuma yeasidi.
Indlela yokutshintsha iasidi endala kunye nesisombululo sokukha i-hydrochloric acid:
Xa ityuwa yentsimbi kwi-asidi endala idlula umxholo ochaziweyo, kufuneka itshintshwe nge-asidi entsha.Indlela yokuba i-asidi entsha i-akhawunti ye-50%, i-asidi endala yongezwa kwi-asidi entsha emva kwemvula, kwaye inani le-asidi endala yi-~ 50%.Iityuwa zentsimbi ezinomxholo ongaphantsi kwe-16% zinokunyusa umsebenzi wesisombululo se-pickling, esahlukileyo kwi-acid sparse, kwaye sigcina isixa se-asidi.
Nangona kunjalo, kule ndlela, kunye nenkqubela phambili yeteknoloji ye-galvanizing ye-hot-dip, isixa se-asidi endala eyongeziweyo kufuneka iqhutywe ngesiseko sokulawula ngokungqongqo umxholo we-iron ityuwa ye-asidi endala, kunye nokuxinwa kwetyuwa yentsimbi kwi-esanda kulungiswa. isisombululo se-hydrochloric acid esilungisiweyo kufuneka silawulwe ngaphakathi kwesandla sakho.Kuluhlu, akufuneki ulandele ngokumfamekileyo amaxabiso athile.
Izinto zentsimbi yokusebenza kunye nesantya sokuchola
Isantya se-pickling sihluka kunye nokubunjwa kwentsimbi ekhethiweyo yokusebenza kunye nomlinganiselo obangelwayo.
Umxholo wekhabhoni kwintsimbi unempembelelo enkulu kwizinga lokuchithwa kwe-matrix yensimbi.Ukunyuka komxholo wekhabhoni kuya kwandisa izinga lokuchithwa kwe-matrix yensimbi ngokukhawuleza.
Izinga lokuchithwa kwe-matrix ye-workpiece yensimbi emva kokulungiswa okubandayo kunye nokutshisa kwanda;ngelixa izinga lokuchithwa kwe-workpiece yensimbi emva kokuqhawula kuya kuncipha.Kwisikali se-iron oxide kumphezulu womsebenzi wentsimbi, izinga lokuchithwa kwe-iron monoxide likhulu kunolo lwe-ferric oxide kunye ne-ferric oxide.Amacwecwe esinyithi aqengqelekayo ane-iron monoxide eninzi kunamashiti entsimbi afakwe kwi-annealed.Ngoko ke, isantya sayo sokuchola sikwakhawuleza.Okukhona ukuqina kwesikhumba se-iron oxide, kokukhona ixesha lokukha lide.Ukuba ubukhulu bomlinganiselo we-iron oxide abufani, kulula ukuvelisa i-low-pickling yendawo okanye iziphene zokukhetha ngaphezulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-27-2023